Only one study has found a connection: it stated that for every one million people vaccinated against the flu, one person "may be at risk of GBS associated with the vaccine." Not "will get GBS," but "may be at risk." And again, no other studies have found any connections between the vaccine and GBS.(1) (See also (3))
What this means is that there may have been a real connection between the vaccine and GBS. Unfortunately, we cannot rule this out absolutely. there is a chance - a very small chance, but a chance - that today's vaccine is somehow connected to GBS.
Does this mean that we shouldn't get vaccinated against influenza? Not necessarily. To decide whether or not to get the vaccine, we need to look at what might happen if we do get the shot and compare it to what might happen if we don't get the shot. We've already looked at the biggest potential negative of the shot. The smaller negatives include things like redness at the injection site, soreness, headache, etc, most no different from the results of placebo treatment. For a small group of people there is an additional negative - if you’re allergic to something in the vaccine, the vaccine can give you an allergic reaction. (This is why they ask you if you’re allergic to eggs, for instance, since eggs are used in the preparation of the vaccine).
There have also been concerns regarding vaccines and autism. This originated with the MMR vaccine. Hilton, Hunt and Petticrew, writing in 2007, note that
The aetiology of autism remains unclear. The suggestion that MMR vaccination may be a cause received wide-spread publicity, although subsequent scientific research has failed to support a link.(2)On a different note, people who get the vaccine sometimes still get the flu - the vaccine matches what the virus looked like when the vaccine was being made, but the virus looks slightly different now. But the vaccine is still useful, since it primes the immune system, and people who get the flu after getting the vaccine have a milder case of the flu - the illness isn’t as bad. So if you’ve ever gotten the vaccine and later gotten sick with influenza, you would have been even sicker without the vaccine.
Next, we need to look at the positives of getting the vaccine, and then the positives and negatives of not getting the vaccine. Then we’ll be able to make an educated decision on whether or not to get the vaccine.
The benefits of the vaccine are that it provides protection from the flu, as I discuss in this post. Some readers may also be aware of the study that showed that people who received a flu shot are less likely to die - from any cause - over the following year, but I suspect that this is because that those who receive a flu shot are also receiving better all-around medical care - I doubt that the flu shot is a panacea (a cure for all ills). So for our discussion, we’ll focus on the flu, which means we need to talk about what the flu actually can do to us.
Next up: the flu
Also: Why do we need a flu shot every year?
Edited 16 Oct, 4:40 pm Eastern)
SOURCES:
(1) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “Seasonal Flu and Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)” at http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/qa/gbs.htm, on 13 October 2009
(2) Hilton, Hunt and Petticrew, “Autism: a Focus Group study: MMR: marginalised, misrepresented and rejected?” Archives of Disease in Childhood. downloaded 21 March 2008 from adc.bmj.com
(3) World Health Organization, "Influenza vaccines: WHO position paper." downloaded form http://www.who.int/entity/wer/2005/wer8033.pdf on 16 October, 2009
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